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Abstract
This research aims to provide the emphirical evidence of the effect of bank’s health level, financial performance, and tax avoidance on sustainable finance with institutional ownership as a moderating variable. The data sources used in this study are banking companies that have assets of at least 5 trillion rupiah and are registered with the Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) for the 2019-2023 period, with a total of 231 samples. The research data was processed using a multiple linear regression model, with the results of the study proving that Bank’s Health Level have a negative effect on Sustainable Finance; Financial Performance has a positive effect on Sustainable Finance; Tax Avoidance and institutional ownership have no effect on Sustainable Finance; Institutional Ownership is unable to moderate the effect of Bank Health, financial performance and tax avoidance to sustainable finance. This study provides practical implications to encourage banking companies to increase their legitimacy through sustainable finance disclosures in their financial reports.This study also provides theoritical implication through stakeholder theory and institutional theory that bank as a financial institutional has to fulfil stakeholder needs, including monitoring mechanism by institutional ownership
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ade Rosadi Alwi, Herlina Lusmeida

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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References
- REFERENSI
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- Andayani, W. (2023). Analisis Rasio Kecukupan Modal dan Kelonggaran Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Implementasi Keuangan Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Pustaka Aktiva (Pusat Akses Kajian Akuntansi, Manajemen, Investasi, Dan Valuta), 3(1), 13–18.
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- Bank Mandiri. (2022). Bank Mandiri Sustainability Report 2022. Https://Bankmandiri.Co.Id/Documents/38265486/0/SR+Mandiri+FEB_20+FEB+23.Pdf.
- Bătae & Dragomir, & Feleagă, L. (2021). The relationship between environmental, social, and financial performance in the banking sector: A European study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 290, 125791.
- Beer, S., De Mooij, R., & Liu, L. (2020). International corporate tax avoidance: A review of the channels, magnitudes, and blind spots. Journal of Economic Surveys, 34(3), 660–688.
- Data.goodstats.id. (2023). Konsumsi BBM di Indonesia Meningkat pada 2022. Https://Data.Goodstats.Id/Statistic/Fitrinurhdyh/Konsumsi-Bbm-Di-Indonesia-Meningkat-Pada-2022-ESja8.
- Derry, W., & Vinola, H. (2021). Sustainable Finance Disclosure on Banking Sector in Indonesia: The Relationship Esg with Company Performance and Institutional Ownership. Journal of Research in Business and Management, 9(12), 6–12.
- Dewinta, I. A. R., & Setiawan, P. E. (2016). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, umur perusahaan, profitabilitas, leverage, dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap tax avoidance. E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 14(3), 1584–1613.
- Eng, L. L., & Mak, Y. T. (2023). Corporate governance and voluntary disclosure. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 22(4), 325–345.
- Francis Hutabarat, M. B. A. (2021). Analisis kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Desanta Publisher.
- Freeman, R. E., Harrison, J. S., Wicks, A. C., Parmar, B. L., & De Colle, S. (2010). Stakeholder theory: The state of the art.
- Georgios, K., & Elvis, K. (2019). Bank value using camels model evidence from Balkans banking system. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 176, 182–195.
- Hayati, N., & Yulianto, E. (2020). Peranan keuangan berkelanjutan pada industri perbankan dalam mendukung sustainable development goals: Peranan keuangan berkelanjutan pada industri perbankan dalam mendukung sustainable development goals. Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis Dan Ekonomi, 6(1), 1633–1652.
- Indriyani, E. (2017). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan dan profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan. Akuntabilitas: Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, 10(2), 333–348.
- Karyani, E., & Obrien, V. V. (2020). Green Banking and Performance: The Role of Foreign and Public Ownership. Jurnal Dinamika Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 7(2), 221–234.
- Kolamban, D. V, Murni, S., & Baramuli, D. N. (2020). Analisis pengaruh leverage, profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada industri perbankan yang terdaftar di Bei. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 8(3).
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- Maheresmi, M., Probohudono, A. N., Arifin, T., & Widarjo, W. (2023). Do Tax Avoidance and Firm Ownership Matter for Sustainable Finance Disclosure? Evidence From the Listed Banks in Asean Countries. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(4), e01559–e01559.
- Mgbame, C. O., Chijoke-Mgbame, M. A., Yekini, S., & Yekini, C. K. (2017). Corporate social responsibility performance and tax aggressiveness. Journal of Accounting and Taxation, 9(8), 101–108.
- Muttakin, M. B., & Subramaniam, N. (2015). Firm ownership and board characteristics: do they matter for corporate social responsibility disclosure of Indian companies? Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 6(2), 138–165.
- Octaviani, S., & Komalasari, D. (2017). Pengaruh Likuiditas, Profitabilitas, dan Solvabilitas Terhadap Harga Saham. JAK (Jurnal Akuntansi) Kajian Ilmiah Akuntansi, 4(1).
- Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2017). Penerapan Keuangan Berkelanjutan Bagi Lembaga Jasa Keuangan, Emiten, dan Perusahaan Publik. Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 51/POJK.03/2017.
- Praptiningsih, P., Nastiti, H., & Nopiyanti, A. (2022). Analysis of Corporate Governance, Intellectual Capital, and Financial Performance Using Conventional Methods and Maqashid Sharia Index (MSI) on the Implementation of Sustainable Finance in Sharia Banking in Indonesia. Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting, 3(4), 391–411.
- Pratomo, D., & Nuraulia, A. N. (2021). Pengaruh kepemilikan institusional, kepemilikan manajerial dan konsentrasi kepemilikan terhadap persistensi laba. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 23(1), 13–22.
- Saputri, K. O. (2019). Kinerja keuangan terhadap kemampuan berkelanjutan perusahaan. JRAK, 11(1), 24–32.
- Sari, D., & Tjen, C. (2017). Corporate social responsibility disclosure, environmental performance, and tax aggressiveness. International Research Journal of Business Studies, 9(2).
- Scott, W. R. (2010). Approaching adulthood: the maturing of institutional theory. Theory and Society, 37, 427–442.
- Setiawan, A. (2017). Analisis pengaruh tingkat kesehatan bank terhadap Return on Asset. Jurnal Analisa Akuntansi Dan Perpajakan, 1(2), 130–152.
- Setiawan, D., Asrihapsari, A., Brahmana, R. K., Rizky, H. P., & Widawati, M. W. (2022). Role of family ownership in the relationship between corporate social responsibility and firm performance. Complexity, 2022.
- Sholikah, A. M., & Miranti, T. (2020). Factors influence financial sustainability banking in Indonesia. Al-Tijary Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 6(1), 41–50.
- Sugiyono, D. (2013). Metode penelitian pendidikan pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D.
- Tandoh, I., Duffour, K. A., Essandoh, M., & Amoako, R. N. (2022). Corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, and corporate sustainability: The moderating role of top management commitment. International Journal of, Corporate Governance, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Corporate Sustainability: The Moderating Role of Top Management Commitment (February 7, 2022). Tandoh, I.., Duffour, KA, Essandoh, M.., & Amoako, RN.
- Mulia (2019). Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non Performing Financing Dan Laba Bersihterhadap Financial Sustainability Ratio.
- Willmott, H. (2015). Why institutional theory cannot be critical. Journal of Management Inquiry, 24(1), 105–111.
References
REFERENSI
Amidjaya, P. G., & Widagdo, A. K. (2020). Sustainability reporting in Indonesian listed banks: Do corporate governance, ownership structure and digital banking matter? Journal of Applied Accounting Research, 21(2), 231–247.
Andayani, W. (2023). Analisis Rasio Kecukupan Modal dan Kelonggaran Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Implementasi Keuangan Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Pustaka Aktiva (Pusat Akses Kajian Akuntansi, Manajemen, Investasi, Dan Valuta), 3(1), 13–18.
Bank BNI. (2022). Bank BNI Sustainability Report 2022. https://www.bni.co.id/Portals/1/BNI/Perusahaan/HubunganInvestor/Docs/SR-BNI-2022-ID-v1.pdf
Bank Mandiri. (2022). Bank Mandiri Sustainability Report 2022. Https://Bankmandiri.Co.Id/Documents/38265486/0/SR+Mandiri+FEB_20+FEB+23.Pdf.
Bătae & Dragomir, & Feleagă, L. (2021). The relationship between environmental, social, and financial performance in the banking sector: A European study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 290, 125791.
Beer, S., De Mooij, R., & Liu, L. (2020). International corporate tax avoidance: A review of the channels, magnitudes, and blind spots. Journal of Economic Surveys, 34(3), 660–688.
Data.goodstats.id. (2023). Konsumsi BBM di Indonesia Meningkat pada 2022. Https://Data.Goodstats.Id/Statistic/Fitrinurhdyh/Konsumsi-Bbm-Di-Indonesia-Meningkat-Pada-2022-ESja8.
Derry, W., & Vinola, H. (2021). Sustainable Finance Disclosure on Banking Sector in Indonesia: The Relationship Esg with Company Performance and Institutional Ownership. Journal of Research in Business and Management, 9(12), 6–12.
Dewinta, I. A. R., & Setiawan, P. E. (2016). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, umur perusahaan, profitabilitas, leverage, dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap tax avoidance. E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 14(3), 1584–1613.
Eng, L. L., & Mak, Y. T. (2023). Corporate governance and voluntary disclosure. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 22(4), 325–345.
Francis Hutabarat, M. B. A. (2021). Analisis kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Desanta Publisher.
Freeman, R. E., Harrison, J. S., Wicks, A. C., Parmar, B. L., & De Colle, S. (2010). Stakeholder theory: The state of the art.
Georgios, K., & Elvis, K. (2019). Bank value using camels model evidence from Balkans banking system. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 176, 182–195.
Hayati, N., & Yulianto, E. (2020). Peranan keuangan berkelanjutan pada industri perbankan dalam mendukung sustainable development goals: Peranan keuangan berkelanjutan pada industri perbankan dalam mendukung sustainable development goals. Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis Dan Ekonomi, 6(1), 1633–1652.
Indriyani, E. (2017). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan dan profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan. Akuntabilitas: Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, 10(2), 333–348.
Karyani, E., & Obrien, V. V. (2020). Green Banking and Performance: The Role of Foreign and Public Ownership. Jurnal Dinamika Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 7(2), 221–234.
Kolamban, D. V, Murni, S., & Baramuli, D. N. (2020). Analisis pengaruh leverage, profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada industri perbankan yang terdaftar di Bei. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 8(3).
Lammers, J. C., Garcia, M. A., Putnam, L. L., & Mumby, D. K. (2014). Institutional theory. The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Communication: Advances in Theory, Research, and Methods, 195–216.
Li, Y., Al-Sulaiti, K., Dongling, W., Abbas, J., & Al-Sulaiti, I. (2022). Tax avoidance culture and employees’ behavior affect sustainable business performance: the moderating role of corporate social responsibility. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 964410.
Maheresmi, M., Probohudono, A. N., Arifin, T., & Widarjo, W. (2023). Do Tax Avoidance and Firm Ownership Matter for Sustainable Finance Disclosure? Evidence From the Listed Banks in Asean Countries. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(4), e01559–e01559.
Mgbame, C. O., Chijoke-Mgbame, M. A., Yekini, S., & Yekini, C. K. (2017). Corporate social responsibility performance and tax aggressiveness. Journal of Accounting and Taxation, 9(8), 101–108.
Muttakin, M. B., & Subramaniam, N. (2015). Firm ownership and board characteristics: do they matter for corporate social responsibility disclosure of Indian companies? Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 6(2), 138–165.
Octaviani, S., & Komalasari, D. (2017). Pengaruh Likuiditas, Profitabilitas, dan Solvabilitas Terhadap Harga Saham. JAK (Jurnal Akuntansi) Kajian Ilmiah Akuntansi, 4(1).
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2017). Penerapan Keuangan Berkelanjutan Bagi Lembaga Jasa Keuangan, Emiten, dan Perusahaan Publik. Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 51/POJK.03/2017.
Praptiningsih, P., Nastiti, H., & Nopiyanti, A. (2022). Analysis of Corporate Governance, Intellectual Capital, and Financial Performance Using Conventional Methods and Maqashid Sharia Index (MSI) on the Implementation of Sustainable Finance in Sharia Banking in Indonesia. Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting, 3(4), 391–411.
Pratomo, D., & Nuraulia, A. N. (2021). Pengaruh kepemilikan institusional, kepemilikan manajerial dan konsentrasi kepemilikan terhadap persistensi laba. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 23(1), 13–22.
Saputri, K. O. (2019). Kinerja keuangan terhadap kemampuan berkelanjutan perusahaan. JRAK, 11(1), 24–32.
Sari, D., & Tjen, C. (2017). Corporate social responsibility disclosure, environmental performance, and tax aggressiveness. International Research Journal of Business Studies, 9(2).
Scott, W. R. (2010). Approaching adulthood: the maturing of institutional theory. Theory and Society, 37, 427–442.
Setiawan, A. (2017). Analisis pengaruh tingkat kesehatan bank terhadap Return on Asset. Jurnal Analisa Akuntansi Dan Perpajakan, 1(2), 130–152.
Setiawan, D., Asrihapsari, A., Brahmana, R. K., Rizky, H. P., & Widawati, M. W. (2022). Role of family ownership in the relationship between corporate social responsibility and firm performance. Complexity, 2022.
Sholikah, A. M., & Miranti, T. (2020). Factors influence financial sustainability banking in Indonesia. Al-Tijary Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 6(1), 41–50.
Sugiyono, D. (2013). Metode penelitian pendidikan pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D.
Tandoh, I., Duffour, K. A., Essandoh, M., & Amoako, R. N. (2022). Corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, and corporate sustainability: The moderating role of top management commitment. International Journal of, Corporate Governance, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Corporate Sustainability: The Moderating Role of Top Management Commitment (February 7, 2022). Tandoh, I.., Duffour, KA, Essandoh, M.., & Amoako, RN.
Mulia (2019). Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non Performing Financing Dan Laba Bersihterhadap Financial Sustainability Ratio.
Willmott, H. (2015). Why institutional theory cannot be critical. Journal of Management Inquiry, 24(1), 105–111.