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Abstract
This study examines the influence of audit quality dimensions on auditee satisfaction in the Indonesian public sector, specifically within the Maluku Provincial Government. Using the AUDITQUAL framework, this quantitative study employs a survey design with 138 respondents from Regional Government Organizations (OPD). Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the relationships between six audit quality dimensions (reputation, expertise, capability, independence, responsiveness, and empathy) and auditee satisfaction. Four of six hypotheses were supported. Expertise emerged as the strongest predictor of auditee satisfaction, followed by capability, reputation, and independence. Interestingly, responsiveness showed a significant negative relationship with auditee satisfaction, while empathy had no significant effect. This research addresses the gap in auditee perspective studies in Indonesian public sector auditing, revealing that technical quality dimensions outweigh service quality in determining satisfaction, contrary to private sector findings. The negative effect of responsiveness provides new insights into auditor-auditee dynamics in governmental contexts. Auditee satisfaction is more determined by auditor technical quality compared to relational quality. The stewardship theory framework that emphasizes that auditors as stewards need to build trust through professional competence and independence, not through emotional closeness that can threaten objectivity
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Copyright (c) 2026 Theophilia Fina Febrione Leiwakabessy, Trisna Sary Lewaru, Dwi Kriswantini, Hempry Putuhena, M Rifkhi Fauzan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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References
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- Bastian, I. (2019). Lingkup Akuntansi Sektor Publik. Lingkup Akuntansi Sektor Publik, 1(1), 1–52.
- Behn, B. K., Carcello, J. V, Hermanson, D. R., & Hermanson, R. H. (1997). The determinants of audit client satisfaction among clients of Big 6 firms. Accounting Horizons, 11(1), 7.
- Butcher, K., Harrison, G., & Ross, P. (2013). Perceptions of audit service quality and auditor retention. International Journal of Auditing, 17(1), 54–74.
- Carey, P., Eierle, B., & Hartlieb, S. (2025). Audit staff satisfaction and audit quality: Evidence from the private client market segment. European Accounting Review, 34(3), 1029–1056.
- Cronin Jr, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1994). SERVPERF versus SERVQUAL: reconciling performance-based and perceptions-minus-expectations measurement of service quality. Journal of Marketing, 58(1), 125–131.
- DeAngelo, L. E. (1981). Auditor size and audit quality. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 3(3), 183–199.
- Duff, A. (2004). Auditqual: Dimensions of audit quality.
- Duff, A. (2009). Measuring audit quality in an era of change: An empirical investigation of UK audit market stakeholders in 2002 and 2005. Managerial Auditing Journal, 24(5), 400–422.
- Hair, J., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
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- Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: Updated guidelines. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 116(1), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-09-2015-0382
- Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135.
- Herrbach, O. (2001). Audit quality, auditor behaviour and the psychological contract. European Accounting Review, 10(4), 787–802.
- Indah, S. N. M. (2022). The effect of auditor competence and independence on audit quality. Indonesia Auditing Research Journal, 11(4), 162–173.
- Iskandar, T. M., Rahmat, M. M., & Ismail, H. (2010). The relationship between audit client satisfaction and audit quality attributes: Case of Malaysian listed companies. International Journal of Economics and Management, 4(1), 155–180.
- Keay, A. (2017). Stewardship theory: is board accountability necessary? International Journal of Law and Management, 59(6), 1292–1314.
- Kurniawan, D. H., Ruldeviyani, Y., Adrian, M. R., Handayani, S., & Pohan, M. R. (2019). Data governance maturity assessment: a case study in it bureau of audit board. 2019 International Conference on Information Management and Technology (ICIMTech), 1, 629–634.
- Leiwaskabessy, T. F. F. (2013). Pengaruh Dimensi Kualitas Audit Terhadap Kepuasaan Auditee (Studi Pada Pemerintah Daerah Kota Ambon). Universitas Gadjah Mada.
- Nindita, O., & Nirwana, N. (2023). The effect of audit fees, auditor reputation, auditor rotation on audit quality in food and beverage companies listed on the BEI periode 2019-2021. Journal of Finance and Business Digital, 2(4), 449–462.
- Nurdiono, N., & Gamayuni, R. R. (2018). The effect of internal auditor competency on internal audit quality and its implication on the accountability of local government. European Research Studies Journal, 21(4), 426–434.
- Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. 1988, 64(1), 12–40.
- Rahadi, D. (2023). Pengatar Partial Least Square Strctural Equation Model (PLS SEM). Lentara Ilmu Madani.
- Reheul, A.-M., Van Caneghem, T., & Verbruggen, S. (2011). Auditor choice in the Belgian nonprofit sector: a behavioral perspective.
- Samelson, D., Lowensohn, S., & Johnson, L. E. (2006). The determinants of perceived audit quality and auditee satisfaction in local government. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 18(2), 139–166.
- Subramanian, S. (2018). Stewardship theory of corporate governance and value system: The case of a family-owned business group in India. Indian Journal of Corporate Governance, 11(1), 88–102.
- Sutton, S. G. (1993). Toward an understanding of the factors affecting the quality of the audit process. Decision Sciences, 24(1), 88–105.
- Tehuayo, D. B. (2022). PENGARUH DIMENSI KUALITAS AUDIT TERHADAP KEPUASAAN AUDITEE:(Studi Empiris Pada Lingkup Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Maluku). Jurnal Administrasi Terapan, 1, 145–154.
- Wahidi, U., Hardi, H., & Safitri, D. (2020). Pengaruh independensi, gaya kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja auditor: komitmen organisasi sebagai mediasi. CURRENT: Jurnal Kajian Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Terkini, 1(2), 218–238.
- Yulisfan, M. (2023). Internal Audit Quality In North Sumatra Government. International Journal of Management, Economic and Accounting, 1(2), 263–267.
References
Annelin, A., & Svanström, T. (2023). Transformation in audit teams: Implications for team competence. In Auditing Transformation (pp. 314–337). Routledge.
Bastian, I. (2019). Lingkup Akuntansi Sektor Publik. Lingkup Akuntansi Sektor Publik, 1(1), 1–52.
Behn, B. K., Carcello, J. V, Hermanson, D. R., & Hermanson, R. H. (1997). The determinants of audit client satisfaction among clients of Big 6 firms. Accounting Horizons, 11(1), 7.
Butcher, K., Harrison, G., & Ross, P. (2013). Perceptions of audit service quality and auditor retention. International Journal of Auditing, 17(1), 54–74.
Carey, P., Eierle, B., & Hartlieb, S. (2025). Audit staff satisfaction and audit quality: Evidence from the private client market segment. European Accounting Review, 34(3), 1029–1056.
Cronin Jr, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1994). SERVPERF versus SERVQUAL: reconciling performance-based and perceptions-minus-expectations measurement of service quality. Journal of Marketing, 58(1), 125–131.
DeAngelo, L. E. (1981). Auditor size and audit quality. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 3(3), 183–199.
Duff, A. (2004). Auditqual: Dimensions of audit quality.
Duff, A. (2009). Measuring audit quality in an era of change: An empirical investigation of UK audit market stakeholders in 2002 and 2005. Managerial Auditing Journal, 24(5), 400–422.
Hair, J., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Halim, A., & Kusufi, M. S. (2007). Akuntansi sektor publik: Akuntansi keuangan daerah. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: Updated guidelines. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 116(1), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-09-2015-0382
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135.
Herrbach, O. (2001). Audit quality, auditor behaviour and the psychological contract. European Accounting Review, 10(4), 787–802.
Indah, S. N. M. (2022). The effect of auditor competence and independence on audit quality. Indonesia Auditing Research Journal, 11(4), 162–173.
Iskandar, T. M., Rahmat, M. M., & Ismail, H. (2010). The relationship between audit client satisfaction and audit quality attributes: Case of Malaysian listed companies. International Journal of Economics and Management, 4(1), 155–180.
Keay, A. (2017). Stewardship theory: is board accountability necessary? International Journal of Law and Management, 59(6), 1292–1314.
Kurniawan, D. H., Ruldeviyani, Y., Adrian, M. R., Handayani, S., & Pohan, M. R. (2019). Data governance maturity assessment: a case study in it bureau of audit board. 2019 International Conference on Information Management and Technology (ICIMTech), 1, 629–634.
Leiwaskabessy, T. F. F. (2013). Pengaruh Dimensi Kualitas Audit Terhadap Kepuasaan Auditee (Studi Pada Pemerintah Daerah Kota Ambon). Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Nindita, O., & Nirwana, N. (2023). The effect of audit fees, auditor reputation, auditor rotation on audit quality in food and beverage companies listed on the BEI periode 2019-2021. Journal of Finance and Business Digital, 2(4), 449–462.
Nurdiono, N., & Gamayuni, R. R. (2018). The effect of internal auditor competency on internal audit quality and its implication on the accountability of local government. European Research Studies Journal, 21(4), 426–434.
Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. 1988, 64(1), 12–40.
Rahadi, D. (2023). Pengatar Partial Least Square Strctural Equation Model (PLS SEM). Lentara Ilmu Madani.
Reheul, A.-M., Van Caneghem, T., & Verbruggen, S. (2011). Auditor choice in the Belgian nonprofit sector: a behavioral perspective.
Samelson, D., Lowensohn, S., & Johnson, L. E. (2006). The determinants of perceived audit quality and auditee satisfaction in local government. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 18(2), 139–166.
Subramanian, S. (2018). Stewardship theory of corporate governance and value system: The case of a family-owned business group in India. Indian Journal of Corporate Governance, 11(1), 88–102.
Sutton, S. G. (1993). Toward an understanding of the factors affecting the quality of the audit process. Decision Sciences, 24(1), 88–105.
Tehuayo, D. B. (2022). PENGARUH DIMENSI KUALITAS AUDIT TERHADAP KEPUASAAN AUDITEE:(Studi Empiris Pada Lingkup Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Maluku). Jurnal Administrasi Terapan, 1, 145–154.
Wahidi, U., Hardi, H., & Safitri, D. (2020). Pengaruh independensi, gaya kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja auditor: komitmen organisasi sebagai mediasi. CURRENT: Jurnal Kajian Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Terkini, 1(2), 218–238.
Yulisfan, M. (2023). Internal Audit Quality In North Sumatra Government. International Journal of Management, Economic and Accounting, 1(2), 263–267.